Project Grants
The ICRG funds research project grants through a competitive, peer-reviewed program. The project grants program allows investigators from research institutions around the world to apply for funding for specific research projects. Since it was launched in 1996, the project grants program has advanced the field of research on gambling disorder.
Below is a complete list of project grants awarded since 1996, including research summaries and studies produced. Jump to grants by year:
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2020
Large Grant: Building the evidence base for pre-commitment oriented play management systems: An examination of uptake, selection of a mandatory (versus voluntary) limit adherence option, and behavior change
Principal Investigator: Michael J. A. Wohl, PhD, Carleton University
Awarded $171,660 in 2020
Can gambling operators help gamblers cultivate healthy, responsible play habits? The aim of this program of research is to provide an evidence-base for policymakers to make informed decisions about the strengths and weaknesses of responsible gambling programs that are currently being used in their jurisdiction. To this end, we will evaluate the uptake and responsible gambling utility of PlayMyWay,
Seed Grant: A Virtual Reality Intervention for Reducing Problematic Gambling in Young Adults
Principal Investigator: Robert Astur, PhD, University of Connecticut
Awarded $34,500 in 2020
The researchers will adapt a novel smoking cessation intervention to reduce problematic gambling among young adults. They hypothesized that the virtual destruction of gambling stimuli will reduce real-life cravings to gamble and real-life gambling compared to the control group.
Seed Grant: The Effects of Casinos on Birth Rates and Infant Health
Principal Investigator: Michael T. Mathes, PhD, Providence College
Awarded $22,039.90 in 2020
The project will examine the effect of casinos on the fertility rate and overall newborn health in counties with casino openings. The researchers will analyze data from birth records from the Restricted-Use Vital Statistics Data provided by the National Center for Health Statistics merged with a unique casino dataset. The result of this work will measure whether there are greater effects on county level birth rates and infant health from employment and increased income opportunities provided by casinos or from the potential to participate in risky behavior.
Seed Grant: An umbrella review of gambling disorder treatment: Taking clinical decision-making to the next level
Principal Investigator: Nicki Dowling, PhD, Deakin University
Awarded $29,897.96 in 2020
The aim of the study is to provide an overall picture of the best international evidence for the treatment of gambling disorder. This will include a summary of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of treatments, the quality of evidence, and any adverse outcomes of treatments. It will also identify the most effective treatments for different groups of gamblers and highlight significant gaps in the evidence base.
Seed Grant: Identifying and Modeling the Schedules of Reinforcement in Live-Odds Betting
Principal Investigator: Simon Dymond, PhD, Swansea University
Awarded $34,455.15 in 2020
The aim of this project is to model the reward and temporal structure of betting behavior by analyzing several large datasets collected from de-centralized anonymous gambling behavior online, existing industry data that are publicly available, and representative datasets collected from online operators and betting shops in the United Kingdom.
Seed Grant: A study of gambling severity, depression and suicidal behavior in Sikkim, India
Principal Investigator: Krishna Vaddiparti, PhD, University of Florida
Awarded $34,500 in 2020
This is a pilot study in Sikkim, India where gambling is legalized. Sikkim is a state in northeast India and it has the second highest suicide rate in India. The study will explore frequency of gambling, types of gambling and their onset, money spent, problematic gambling, gambling disorder, depressed mood and its onset and suicidal ideation and attempts. It will also draft culture-specific standards for responsible gaming to help guide future discussions among stakeholders of land and online gambling, operators, and the general public.
Dissertation Grant: The effect of social reinforcements on gambling-like behaviors in rats
Principal Investifator: Elena A. Tiddens, University of Sussex
Awarded $2,000 in 2020
The aim of this dissertation project is to reduce addiction-like behavior in animal models of GD by offering an alternative social reward.
2019
Seed Grant: “Participatory Design of Interactive Persuasive Gambling Awareness: Enabling Gambling-Centered Innovation”
Principal Investigator: Raian Ali, PhD, Bournemouth University
Awarded $34,488 in 2019
Aim: Make a first utilization of the platform developed via the EROGamb project and provide gambler-led designs and also design principles of interactive, persuasive messages and forms which use gambling data for the purpose of making the gambling experience more in control.
Seed Grant: “Overlapping Neurobiological Mechanisms Contributing to Cue-driven Reward-seeking Behavior and Risky Decision-making”
Principal Investigator: Sara Morrison, PhD, University of Pittsburgh
Awarded $34,500 in 2019
Aim: This rat study will test the hypotheses that sign-tracking (ST) and risky decision-making engage overlapping brain circuitry and that individuals that tend toward ST will be more likely to make high-risk, high-reward choices, even when such choices are maladaptive.
Large Grant: “Developing and Testing a Brief Intervention for Problem Gambling in Credit Counseling”
Principal Investigator: Paul G. Sacco, PhD, University of Maryland School of Social Work.
Awarded $172,450 in 2019
Aim: Test effectiveness of brief intervention with text messaging in reducing gambling behavior and improving financial well being among credit counseling clients.
Seed Grant: “At-Risk Problem Gambling Clinical Comorbidities and Treatment Engagement among Homeless Veterans”
Principal Investigator: Steven D. Shirk, PhD, New England MIRECC
Awarded $34,035 in 2019
Aim: Better understand the clinical profile of homeless veterans and how it relates to problem gambling behavior.
Large Grant: “Don’t Go There: A Geospatial mHealth App for Gambling Disorder”
Principal Investigator: Jeremiah Weinstock, PhD, Saint Louis University
Awarded $172,354 in 2019
Aim: Develop and test efficacy of a novel mHealth app that will capitalize on smartphones’ global positioning software that recognizes a user’s location; in this case, a favorite gambling location.
Dissertation Grant: “Characterization of mPFC Subregions in Response Execution and Inhibition”
Principal Investigator: Jessica Caballero, University of Massachusetts Amherst
Awarded $ 2,000 in 2019
Aim: Abnormal control of execution and inhibition of behaviors is a major contributor to problems like gambling and addiction. People that have problems controlling the execution and inhibition of behaviors are often impulsive and constantly seek the reward they are after. The prelimbic (PL) and the infralimbic (IL) subregions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and their projections to the nucleus accumbens core (NACc) and sell (NACsh) have been strongly implicated in the behavioral execution/inhibition balance. The aims of this animal study are: 1) Determine PL and IL influence over response execution and inhibition; and 2) determine circuitry mediating the execution and inhibition of reward seeking behaviors.
Dissertation Grant: “Therapeutic Engagement: Can Motivational Messages Engage At-Risk Gamblers in an Online Assessment?”
Principal Investigator: Samuel C. Peter, University of Memphis
Awarded $800 in 2019
Aim: The primary aim of this dissertation is to test whether static or interactive motivationally-based online messages can result in a higher rate of frequent gamblers completing an online gambling disorder screener when compared to a control message inviting gamblers to take the screener. It is hypothesized that individuals randomly assigned to one of the two motivationally-based approaches will be more likely to complete the problem gambling screener compared to those receiving a control message without motivational content.
Dissertation Grant: “Is More Better? A Meta-Analysis of Dose and Efficacy in Face-to-Face Psychological Treatments for Gambling Disorder”
Principal Investigator: Rory A. Pfund, University of Memphis
Awarded $395 in 2019
Aim: The specific aim of the proposed study is to determine whether there is a relation between the received dose and therapeutic outcome of face-to-face psychological treatments for gambling disorder. The hypothesis is that there is no relation between the received dose and therapeutic outcome in face-to-face psychological treatments for gambling disorder. That hypothesis will be tested using meta-analysis because it will allow for the quantitative synthesis of results from past studies.
Dissertation Grant: “From the Slots to the Bottle: A Mixed Method Study of Addiction Substitution in Gambling Disorder”
Principal Investigator: Hyoun S. (Andrew) Kim, University of Calgary
Awarded $2,000 in 2019
Aim: This dissertation aims to examine an understudied, yet important concept known as addiction substitution. Addiction substitution occurs when an individual who recovers from one addiction (e.g., gambling) subsequently increases the use of a secondary addictive behavior (e.g., alcohol). The aim is to address this empirical gap by examining the process of addiction substitution (i.e., how, why) among people who have recovered from gambling.
Dissertation: “Social Isolation, Drug Use and Gambling Problems in 10-17 Year Olds”
Principal Investigator: Nathan Smith, University of Florida
Awarded $2,000 in 2019
Aim: The aim of this analysis is to describe the relationship between social isolation, gambling participation and gambling problems in children aged 10-17. This includes providing data on prevalence rates of gambling participation, age of gambling onset, and prevalence of gambling problems. Finally, the study will attempt to address if gambling disorder behaves more similar to socially encouraged addictive behaviors such as alcohol use or more similar to isolationary addictive behaviors such as opioid misuse.
2018
Early Stage Investigator Grant: “Reward Neurobiology of Gambling Disorder with and without Comorbid Depression"
Principal Investigator: Jatin G. Vaidya, PhD, University of Iowa
Awarded $34,500 in 2018
Aim: Assess distinct aspects of impulsivity in adolescents (12 to 17 years old who have at least one biological parent with a Gambling Disorder).
Seed Grant: “Characterization of Subtypes of Cortical Neurons in Impulsivity”
Principal Investigator: Susan Marie Ferguson, PhD, Seattle Children’s Research Institute
Awarded $34,500 in 2018
Aim: Better understand impulsivity as it contributes to Gambling Disorder through study of rats.
Travel Grant: “Problem-gambling severity, suicidality and DSM-IV Axis I and II psychiatric disorders”
Principal Investigator: Silvia Ronzitti, MD, Yale School of Medicine and VA Connecticut Healthcare System
Awarded $1,500 in 2018
The Travel Grant will support the PI’s participation as a poster presenter at the annual meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence (CPDD).
Travel Grant: “Gambling-related cognitive distortions, psychopathology, and suicide ideation among veterans seeking treatment for problem gambling”
Principal Investigator: Steven D. Shirk, PhD, ENRM VA Hospital/New England MIRECC
Awarded $1,500 in 2018
The Travel Grant will support the PI’s participation as an oral presenter at the International Conference on Behavioral Addictions.
Travel Grant: Estimation of gambling disorder prevalence in high school students from Panama City, Panama
Principal Investigator: Gabriel C. Quintero, PhD, Florida State University - Republic of Panama
Awarded $1,500 in 2018
The Travel Grant will support the PI’s participation as a poster presenter at the annual meeting of the American Psychopathological Association.
2017
Seed Grant: “Increased Gambling-like Behavior after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury: A Dopamine Reduction Hypothesis”
Principal Investigator: Cole Vonder Haar, PhD, West Virginia University
Awarded $34,413 in 2017
Aim: Understand the factors that lead to the development of Gambling Disorder after brain injury through a study of the decision-making abilities of brain-injured rats.
Responsible Gaming Association of New Mexico Grant: “Problem Gambling in New Mexico: A Study of at risk Youth and Adults”
Principal Investigator: Martha W. Waller, PhD, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation
Awarded $291,868 in 2017
Aim: Examine gambling behavior among adolescents and adults across New Mexico with specific focus on subpopulations of race/ethnicity, military involvement, parents of minors, sexual minorities, housing unstable, and college students. Building on existing long-term relationships with prevention communities across the state, the investigators will use a culturally competent, mixed-methods data collection approach to gather data from youth and adults across all regions of the state including rural, frontier, tribal, and urban locations to estimate problem gambling prevalence and statistically model the association with co-occurring risk and protective factors.
Travel Grant: “Altered Reward Processing as a Vulnerability for Gambling Disorder: a functional MRI study in Unaffected Siblings”
Principal Investigator: Eve Limbrick-Oldfield, PhD, University of British Columbia
Awarded $1,500 in 2017
Dr. Limbrick-Oldfield will present a poster and an oral presentation at the 2017 meeting of the Society of Biological Psychiatry.
Seed Grant: “At‐risk Gambling in Credit Counseling: Prevalence and Feasibility of Brief Intervention”
Principal Investigator: Paul Sacco, PhD, University of Maryland, Baltimore
Awarded $34,500 in 2017
Aims: (1) To pilot screening for problem gambling in a sample of adults who seek services from a national consumer credit counseling organization; (2) To compare prevalence of at-risk gambling in consumer credit counseling users to national estimates; and (3) To evaluate the perceived acceptability and feasibility of gambling screening from the perspective of credit counselors.
Seed Grant: “ The Role of Recovery Capital and Gender Differences in Recovery from Gambling Disorder - A Mixed Methods Design”
Principal Investigator: Belle Gavriel-Fried, PhD, Tel Aviv University
Awarded $34,500 in 2017
Aims: (1) Examine the applicability of the concept of Recovery Capital to recovery from gambling addiction; and (2) probe gender differences in relation to their recovery and recovery capital. One-hundred and forty individuals who terminated treatment of gambling disorders in the previous 1-5 years will be asked to complete questionnaires including the gambling follow-up scale, the DSM-5 GD, the Assessment of Recovery Capital, and 3 open-ended questions.
2016
Seed Grant: “Gambling and Traumatic Stress: Analyses in Veteran and Community Samples”
Principal Investigator: Joshua B. Grubbs, PhD, Bowling Green State University
Awarded $34,500
Aim: Deepen the knowledge of the co-occurrence of gambling disorder and post-traumatic stress, by specifically examining the dispositional, motivational, and cognitive aspects of the known relationships between the two domains. Using two samples of veterans in a residential treatment program and an online, community sample of gambling adults, the project seeks to examine how symptoms of post-traumatic stress may be related to a tendency toward negative emotion (i.e., trait neuroticism), gambling-related cognitions (i.e., positive expectancies about gambling), and motivation to use gambling to cope with or escape from negative emotion.
Seed Grant: “The Effects of Sensory Reward Cues on Decision Making under Risk in Healthy Volunteers and Problem Gamblers”
Principal Investigator: Mariya Cherkasova, PhD
Awarded $34,500 in 2016
Aim: Understand the effects that sensory reward cues have on risky decision making in both healthy volunteers and disordered gamblers through a laboratory tasks; for example, measuring the impact of cues using eye tracking.
Travel Grant: “Continuous Associations between Delay Discounting and Addictive Behavior: A Meta-Analysis”
Principal Investigator: Michael Amlung, PhD, McMaster University
Awarded $1,500 in 2016
Dr. Amlung will present at the 2016 meeting of the Association for Behavior Analysis International on his research finding of strong support for impulsive delay discounting as a core behavioral phenotype of addictive disorders, including gambling disorder.
Travel Grant: “Shared and Unique Neural Structure Features of Substance and Behavioral Addictions"
Principal Investigator: Sarah W. Yip, PhD, Yale School of Medicine
Awarded $1,500 in 2016
Dr. Yip will present at the 2016 meeting of the Society of Biological Psychiatry on the findings of a brain imaging study that sought to confirm the hypothesis that there are structural similarities between behavioral and substance addictions.
Seed Grant: “Cortical and Subcortical Contributions to Risky Decision-Making Associated with Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Mike Robinson, Ph.D., Wesleyan University
Awarded $34,500 in 2016
Aim: Understand the contribution of two cortical regions (the orbitofrontal cortex and the anterior insula cortex) and one subcortical limbic region (the nucleus accumbens) to the process of choosing between safe and risky options.
Seed Grant: “Diurnal cortisol dynamics and gambling disorder”
Principal Investigator: Tony Buchanan, PhD, Saint Louis University
Awarded $34,500 in 2016
Aim: Characterize the relation between stress physiology and reward/punishment sensitivity through assessment of the daily pattern of cortisol secretion as well as monetary reward/punishment decisions in 25 persons with gambling disorder and a 25-person comparison group.
Seed Grant: “Problem Gambling among Asian/Asian-American College Students”
Principal Investigator: Dipali Venkataraman Rinker, PhD, University of Houston
Awarded $34,500 in 2016
Aim: Investigate gambling beliefs, patterns, family history and attitudes among Vietnamese, Indian, Chinese, Filipino and Pakistani students.
2015
Large Grant: “Adaptation and Feasibility Testing of a Gambling-Specific SBIRT Intervention in the 'Real World' Clinical Setting”
Principal Investigator: Seth Himelhoch, PhD, University of Maryland School of Medicine
Awarded $172,500 in 2015
Aim: Develop and test a problem gambling-specific Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) intervention targeting individuals receiving medical care in general primary care clinics in order to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of inserting a problem gambling intervention into preexisting substance use SBIRT services being provided in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) in the state.
Seed Grant: “Consequences of Gambling and Polysubstance Use Behavior Patterns”
Principal Investigator: Bethany Bray, PhD, Pennsylvania State University
Awarded $34,000 in 2015
Aim: Understand how adolescent behavioral patterns of gambling and polysubstance use are linked to adulthood negative consequences using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health.
Seed Grant: “Neurochemistry of Cognitive Control in Gambling Vulnerability”
Principal Investigator: Simon Dymond, PhD, Swansea University
Awarded $34,457 in 2015
Aim: Investigate whether individual differences in γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter, predict the extent to which someone is likely to be able to control their gambling and other forms of risk taking through a study of gamblers and non-gamblers. the findings will contribute to a better understanding of the neurochemistry of individual susceptibility to gambling problems, which may help inform the development of novel early intervention approaches for addictive behaviors like gambling disorders.
2014
Travel Grant: “Effects of Mixed-Function Serotonergic Compounds in a Novel Rodent Cost/Benefit Decision-Making Task”
Principal Investigator: Amanda Persons, PhD, Rush University Medical Center
Awarded $1,294 in 2014
The Travel Grant supported Dr. Person’s participation in the poster session at the 2014 annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience. Her study tested the impact of a serotonergic medication on decision making, using a novel rat model of cost/benefit decision making.
Travel Grant: “Rapid Intermittent Deep Brain Stimulation Biases Behavior in a Financial Decision-making Task”
Principal Investigator: Shaun Patel, PhD, Massachusetts General Hospital
Awarded $1,500 in 2014
The Travel Grant supported Dr. Patel’s participation in the poster session at the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, where he presented on a study of patients undergoing deep brain stimulation while engaged in a financial decision-making task.
Post-doctoral Individual Fellowship Grant: “On the Usefulness of Training Motor Response Inhibition Under Craving States in Individuals with Gambling Disorder”
Principal Investigator: Damien Brevers, PhD, University of Southern California
Awarded $169,861 in 2014
Aim: Understand the interactions between inhibition control, impulsivity and craving processes in addiction at a behavioral and neurobiological level.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Seed Grant: “Assessing Risk-preference and Compulsive Behavior in a Rodent Gambling Task”
Principal Investigator: Jamie Donahey Roitman, PhD, University of Illinois at Chicago
Awarded $34,500 in 2014
Aim: Devise an animal model of disordered gambling to understand the extent to which risky decision-making processes are innate or altered by experience; how different patterns of neural activity drive behavior toward risk-seeking or avoidance; and how therapeutic methods can alter neural activity to reduce disordered gambling behavior.
Seed Grant: “Risk and Resilience among Native American Youth in the Pacific Northwest”
Principal Investigator: Debi A. LaPlante, PhD, Harvard Medical School and Cambridge Health Alliance
Awarded $34,447 in 2014
Aim: Better understand risk and resilience factors among Native American youth who will be assessed at regular community events, in partnership with the Healing Lodge of Seven Nations.
Seed Grant: “Discontinuity and Change Among Disordered Gamblers"
Principal Investigator: Michael J.A. Wohl, PhD, Carleton University
Awarded $27,772 in 2014
Aim: Determine what factors influence a person's readiness to change behavior and receive help for a gambling disorder.
Large Grant: “Personality Traits, Affective Context and Pathological Gambling: An Experience Sampling Approach”
Principal Investigator: Donald R. Lynam, PhD, Purdue University
Awarded $172,037 in 2014
Aim: Develop a model to understand the intersecting factors of affect and impulse control traits on the development of a gambling disorder in order to allow for tailored interventions for disordered gamblers.
Large Grant: “Modifying the Automatic Approach Bias toward Gambling Stimuli in Problem Gamblers: A Novel Intervention for Changing Excessive Gambling Behavior”
Principal Investigator: Sherry H. Stewart, PhD, Dalhousie University
Awarded $172,500 in 2014
Aim: Understand the implicit thought patterns that could play a role in the development of a gambling disorder, by exploring whether or not disordered gamblers have an "approach bias" (i.e. the automatic tendency to approach or conduct a risky-behavior rather than avoid it).
Large Grant: “Biobehavioral Assessment and Validation of Animal Phenotype of Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Martin Zack, PhD, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH)
Awarded $101,200 in 2014
Aim: Develop an animal model that accurately reflects the brain and behavioral profile of disordered gambling in order to test medications to treat the specific needs of people with a gambling disorder.
Large Grant: “Evaluation and Implementation of Personalized Normative Feedback for CollegeGambling.org”
Principal Investigator: Clayton Neighbors, PhD, University of Houston
Awarded $233,570 in 2014
Aim: Evaluate the efficacy of the first-ever online screen/brief intervention for gambling among college and university students, BetOnU, hosted by the NCRG's website, CollegeGambling.org, in a nationwide sample.
2013
Travel Grant: "Gambling and the Onset of Comorbid Mental Disorders: A Longitudinal Study Evaluating Severity and Specific Symptoms"
Principal Investigator: Iman Parhami, MD, MPH, Delaware Division of Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Awarded $1,500 in 2013
The Travel Grant supported Dr. Parhami’s participation in the annual meeting of the American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry where he gave a presentation on a study of the gambling data in the NESARC (National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions).
Travel Grant: “Do Pathological Gamblers Suffer from a Distorted Sensitivity to Reward?”
Principal Investigator: Guillaume Sescousse, PhD, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, the Netherlands
Awarded $1,500 in 2013
The Travel Grant supported Dr. Sescousee’s participation as a speaker at the 2013 meeting of the Society for Neuroscience. His research suggests a distorted sensitivity to reward in disordered gamblers. From a clinical perspective, the findings suggest that enhancing the prominence of non-monetary rewards may be a fruitful strategy as part of a therapeutic approach.
Travel Grant: “The Atypical Antidepressant Mirtazapine Attenuates Gambling-like Behavior in Rodents”
Principal Investigator: Amanda Persons, PhD, Rush University Medical Center
Awarded $1,500 in 2013
The Travel Grant supported Dr. Person’s participation in the poster session at the 2013 meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence (CPDD). She reported on research, funded by the NCRG, revealing that mirtazapine, an atypical antidepressant, reduced risk-taking behavior in rats.
Seed Grant:“How Skill Affects Gambler Responses to Wins and Losses”
Principal Investigator: Kyle Siler, PhD, McMaster University
Awarded $27,536.75 in 2013
Aim: Investigate whether more skilled online poker players will exhibit greater emotional control and strategic consistency following large wins and losses than their less skilled counterparts, whether lucky or unlucky.
Seed Grant: “An Animal Model of Relapse to Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: David Kearns, PhD, American University
Awarded $28,750 in 2013
Aim: Develop an animal model in which potential precipitators of relapse can be investigated. The animal model of relapse will not only provide information about the causes, but it will also set the stage for future research that tests behavioral and pharmacological interventions designed to prevent relapse.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Seed Grant: “The Effects of PTSD on Risky Decision-Making”
Principal Investigator: Caitlin A. Orsini, PhD, University of Florida
Awarded $28,750 in 2013
Aim: Determine whether elevated risk-taking is a pre-disposing factor to developing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms following trauma using a rat model.
Early Stage Investigator Grant: “Developing a Mouse Model of Pathological Gambling using an Inducible and Tissue-specific Serotonin 1B Receptor Knock-out”
Principal Investigator: Katherine Nautiyal, PhD, Columbia University and Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc.
Awarded $147,706 in 2013
Aim: Determine the role played by the serotonin 1B receptor in the development of impulsive behavior through a mouse gambling behavioral model.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Large Grant: “Efficacy of a Brief Motivational Intervention Delivered via Smartphone and Short Messaging Service”
Principal Investigator: Matthew Martens, PhD, University of Missouri, Columbia
Awarded $171,350 in 2013
Aim: Test the efficacy of a novel Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI) designed to reduce gambling among college students and delivered via smartphone devices (i.e., cell phones with comprehensive web applications) and Short Messaging Service (SMS) technology.
Large Grant: “Social Influences on the Development of Risky Choice”
Principal Investigator: Scott A. Huettel, PhD, Duke University
Awarded $172,358 in 2013
Aim: Test the hypothesis that (a) that social context acts to amplify value signals associated with positive reward during risky decision making, and (b) that this amplifying effect is greater in adolescents.
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Large Grant: “Neural Correlates of Impulsivity and their Modulation by Dopamine in Problem/Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Andrew Kayser, MD, PhD, University of California, San Francisco
Awarded $172,500 in 2013
Aim: Evaluate a novel translational (and potentially therapeutic) approach for gambling disorder: inhibitors of the dopamine-degrading enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Several COMT-inhibitor drugs are already FDA-approved, and can be readily tested in human subjects.
Large Grant: Characterization of Pathological Gambling as an Addictive Disorder
Principal Investigator: Jeremiah Weinstock, PhD, Saint Louis University
Awarded $168,824 in 2013
Aim: Examine the conceptualization of pathological gambling as an addiction and elucidate common etiological factors and pathways to addiction.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
2012
Seed Grant: “Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Problem Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Katie Witkiewitz, PhD, University of New Mexico
Awarded $28,129 in 2012
Aim: Conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of MBRP in the treatment of problem gambling.
Seed Grant: “Sequential Decision Making and Illusionary Pattern Detection in Gamblers”
Principal Investigator: Andreas Wilke, PhD, Clarkson University
Awarded $28,675 in 2012
Aim: Determine if subjects that have a greater tendency to perceive illusory patterns also have a higher tendency to gamble. If so, this will reveal an important aspect of gambling behavior that may lead to new screening tools for gambling risk.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Seed Grant: “A Benchmark Study for Monitoring Exposure to New Gambling Opportunities”
Principal Investigator: Sarah E. Nelson, PhD, Cambridge Health Alliance
Awarded $28,750 in 2012
Aim: Establish a baseline estimate of gambling behaviors and health within Massachusetts communities that can be used as the benchmark for a future long-term longitudinal investigation of the effect of gambling expansion on public health.
Early Stage Investigator Grant: “Stress Reactivity and Risk-taking Behavior in Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Iris Balodis, PhD, Yale University School of Medicine
Awarded $64,797 in 2012
Aim: Better understand the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the stress response and engagement in risky behaviors in populations with gambling disorder.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Early Stage Investigator Grant: “Expanding the Study of Actual Internet Gambling Behavior: Exposure and Adaptation within a Newly Opened Market”
Principal Investigator: Heather Gray, PhD, Cambridge Health Alliance
Awarded $141,362 in 2012
Aim: Use the actual online gambling transactions to describe the gambling behavior of the most active and “high risk” gamblers and to examine gamblers' adaptation to new gambling opportunities.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Large Grant: “Web-based Screening and Brief Intervention for Disordered Gambling Among Emerging Adults”
Principal Investigator: Mary Larimer, PhD, University of Washington
Awarded $172,500 in 2012
Aim: Test a brief intervention for gambling with emerging adults (ages 18-25) recruited through social media.
Large Grant: “Evaluating the Potential of Mixed-Function Serotonergic Compounds for Treatment of Gambling Disorders”
Principal Investigator: T. Celeste Napier, PhD, Rush University Medical Center
Awarded $172,500 in 2012
Aim: Expedite the discovery and development of effective treatment strategies for gambling disorder by using a unique rat models to determine if medications used for other diseases can be repurposed for the treatment of gambling disorders.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Early Stage Investigator Grant: “The Peer Group Regulates Motivational Pathways to Gambling in Youth: Implications for Early Intervention”
Principal Investigator: Jennifer L. Tackett, PhD, University of Houston
Awarded: $64,800 in 2012
Aim: Investigate the extent to which dispositional traits (i.e. Extraversion and Neuroticism) and motivational pathways (i.e. approach and avoidance motivations) predict distinct pathways to youth gambling.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Travel Grant: “Creating Change: A Past-Focused Model for PTSD and Addictions”
Principal Investigator: Joni Utley, Psy.D, VA Boston Healthcare System, VA Bedford/ Boston University School of Medicine
Awarded $ 1,500 in 2012
The Travel Grant supported Dr. Utley’s participation in the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies conference where she presented a paper on Creating Change (CC), a new past-focused behavioral therapy model developed for comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and addictions, including gambling disorder.
2011
Seed Grant: "Mirtazapine as a Pharmacological Intervention for Reducing Risk-Taking Behavior"
Principal Investigator: T. Celeste Napier, PhD, Rush University Medical Center
Awarded $28,750 in 2011
Aim: Identify the potential for repurposing the atypical antidepressant, mirtazapine, as a pharmacological intervention for reducing risk-behavior and/or relapse prevention of gambling disorders.
Seed Grant: "Evaluating and Treating the Near-Miss Magnitude Effect in Underage Pathological Gambling"
Principal Investigator: Mark R. Dixon, PhD, Southern Illinois University
Awarded $34,500 in 2011
Aim: Test the hypothesis that exposure to “near-misses” that resemble large jackpot wins will produce greater activity in the dopamine reward system than near-misses that resemble small jackpot wins in an fMRI scanner; and evaluate the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for reducing and altering disordered gambling behavior.
Large Grant: "Social Network Analysis of Pathological Gambling"
Principal Investigator: Adam Goodie, PhD, University of Georgia
Awarded $172,487 in 2011
Aim: Use a social network analysis to investigate the role of a gambler's social network in his or her gambling-related pathology.
▼Click here to see the studies produced by this grant
Large Grant: "Assessing the Contribution of Reinforcement-learning Deficits in Pathological Gamblers"
Principal Investigator: John O’Doherty, PhD, California Institute of Technology
Awarded $172,500 in 2011
Aim: Study patterns of neural activity while disordered gamblers – and a comparison group of recreational gamblers – perform simple tasks in which they learn to make choices in order to obtain monetary gains and avoid losses with hopes of learning what neurological factors are involved in responses to rewarding and punishing events among people with gambling problems.
Special Initiative: "A Randomized Controlled Trial of Personalized Normative Feedback for Problem Gambling College Students"
Principal Investigator: Clayton Neighbors, PhD, University of Houston
Awarded $171,561 in 2011
Aim: Develop and test an online screening and brief intervention (SBI) aimed at reducing gambling-related problems among college students using Personalized Normative Feedback (PNF), an approach successfully employed to reduce rates of drinking on campus by showing students their misperceptions of student drinking behavior.
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2010
Exploration Grant: “A Virtual internet Gambling Paradigm and Default-mode Brain Functioning in Pathological Gamblers Assessed by Resting-state fMRI”
Primary Investigator: Yijun Liu, PhD, University of Florida
Awarded $5,400 in 2010
Aim: Understand the neural pathways involved in excessive gambling and discern what is unique about the online gaming experience for people with gambling-related problems.
Seed Grant: “Patterns of Information Processing in Risky Decision Making”
Principal Investigator: Scott Huettel, PhD, Duke University
Awarded $34,500 in 2010
Aim: Test the hypothesis that whether someone makes a risky or safe choice depends not simply on preferences, but on the strategies they use to acquire and integrate new information.
Large Grant: “Efficacy of a Personalized Feedback Intervention at Reducing Gambling Behaviors among College Students”
Principal Investigator: Matthew P. Martens, PhD, University of Missouri, Columbia
Awarded $172,500 in 2010
Aim: Test a personalized feedback-only intervention that will provide “at-risk” college students with information about their own behavior. The goal is to determine if college students receiving personalized feedback will report less gambling, fewer dollars gambled and less problem gambling than students in the education/advice and assessment-only control conditions.
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Large Grant: ”Determinants of Gambling: Distinguishing between Disordered and Recreational Gambling"
Principal Investigator: John Nyman, PhD, University of Minnesota
Awarded $136,449 in 2010
Aim: Understand the differentiating factors between recreational gamblers with no gambling-related problems and pathological gamblers to determine when a recreational gambler becomes a problem gambler.
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2009
Large Grant: “Motivational Pathways to Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Adam Goodie, PhD, University of Georgia
Awarded $172,233 in 2009
Aim: Determine if certain personality types have a direct, causal link to pathological gambling in order to inform prevention and treatment for different kinds of disordered gamblers.
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New Investigator Grant: “Gambling Behaviors Among Youth: A Developmental Behavioral Genetic Perspective”
Principal Investigator: Serena M. King, Ph.D., L.P., Hamline University
Awarded $57,318 in 2009
Aim: Understand the roles that behavioral problems, genes and environment play in gambling behaviors from adolescence to young adulthood.
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2006
“Alcohol and Gambling Types: Motivation and Cue Reactivity”
Principal Investigator: Edward Gottheil, MD, Ph.D., University of Washington
Awarded $172,500 in 2006
Aim: Understand the relationships between gambling experience and arousal (self-reported and electrodermal) in response to specific types of gambling-related visual cues (machine, cards, sports betting).
“An Analysis of Pathological Gambling in the National Comorbidity Replication Survey”
Principal Investigator: Ron Kessler, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School
Awarded $115,000 in 2006
Aim: Analyze the gambling data collected for the 2001-2003 version of the National Comorbidity Replication Survey, the landmark study of mental health among 9,000 households in the U.S., funded by the National Institute of Mental Health.
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“The Cognitive Neuroscience of Control and Decision-Making in Problem Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Brett A. Clementz, Ph.D., University of Georgia
Awarded $167,088 in 2006
Aim: Investigate differences between problem and non-problem gamblers concerning the spatial and temporal patterns of brain functioning that support decision-making.
“Dopaminergic Neurotransmission and Cognitive Bias in Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Jakob Linnet, Ph.D., Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
Awarded $149,185 in 2006
Aim: Test the hypothesis that pathological gamblers have a lower dopamine concentration and a higher dopamine release during gambling compared with healthy controls; that other factors, such as personality traits such as sensation seeking, influence the dopamine release during gambling; and, that dopamine binding potential and occupancy are associated (directly or indirectly) with cognitive bias of gambling performance.
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New Investigator Grant: “Gambling Patterns and Problems: A Longitudinal Study of Change in Gambling Patterns in a College Student Sample”
Principal Investigator: Anna E. Goudriaan, Ph.D., University of Amsterdam
Awarded $57,436 in 2006
Aim: Analyze gambling patterns, changes over time in gambling patterns, at-risk gambling and gambling problems in sample of 2,470 college students, thus filling the need for longitudinal studies on sub-clinical gambling problems.
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New Investigator Grant: “Individual Differences in the Propensity to Approach Signals vs. Goals: Relevance to Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Shelly B. Flagel, Ph.D., Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan
Awarded $56,197 in 2006
Aim: Create a viable model of pathological gambling that addresses both the impulsivity and risk-taking dimensions of the disorder.
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“Neuropsychological Correlates of Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Donald W. Black, MD, Professor of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa
Awarded $172,500 in 2006
Aim: Test the hypothesis that persons with a gambling disorder will perform more poorly on measures of executive function (e.g., decision-making), attention and impulsivity, but that general intelligence and memory will not differ.
New Investigator Grant: “A Novel Approach for Investigating the Neurobiological Basis of Gambling Using a Rodent Analogue of the Iowa Gambling Task”
Principal Investigator: Catharine A. Winstanley, Ph.D., University of British Columbia
Awarded $57,500 in 2006
Aim: Develop and test a novel model of gambling behavior in rats based on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to determine if the rat IGT (RIGT) is a valid model of gambling behavior and whether damage to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) increases risky decision-making in keeping with data from human studies.
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“A Survey of the Pathological Gambling Treatment Workforce”
Principal Investigator: Anne Helene Skinstad, Ph.D., University of Iowa, The Prairielands Addiction Technology Transfer Center
Awarded $168,941 in 2006
Aim: Address the dearth of knowledge about the professional workforce charged with preventing and treating problem gambling through a survey that will help form a strategy for the design and development of an evidence-based curriculum for delivery to gambling treatment professionals.
2004
“Behavioral Couples Therapy for Pathological Gamblers”
Principal Investigator: Robert G. Rychtarik, Ph.D., The Research Foundation of SUNY on behalf of the University at Buffalo/Research Institute on Addictions
Awarded $57,500 in 2004
Aim: Test the efficacy of Behavioral Couples Therapy (BCT), a spouse-involved treatment shown to be effective for other addictions, for gambling disorder.
Guided Self-Change for Treating Problematic Co-morbid Gambling and Alcohol Problems Among College Students
Principal Investigator: James P. Whelan, Ph.D., University of Memphis
Awarded $57,384 in 2004
Aim: Test the efficacy of treating college students who both drink and gamble to excess with a treatment that is a modification of Guided Self-Change intervention, one of the most well supported brief treatments for alcohol and other substance abuse problems.
“Laboratory-based Assessment of Impulsivity in Pathological Gamblers Entering Treatment”
Principal Investigator: Nancy Petry, Ph.D., University of Connecticut Health Center
Awarded $56,383 in 2004
Aim: Test the hypothesis that scores on some measures of impulsivity will be associated with gambling problems, co-occurring substance abuse and poorer gambling treatment outcomes.
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New Investigator Grant: “Prevalence of Gambling Disorders: Association with Drug Use and Psychiatric Comorbidity in Adolescents Living in Baltimore”
Principal Investigator: Silvia Martins, MD, Ph.D., Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Awarded $23,000 in 2004
Aim: Understand the gambling habits, gambling problems and comorbid psychiatric problems in a sample of 15-16 year old youth (90% African American) from Baltimore city. This grant enabled the PI to secure funding from the National Institute of Child Health and Development to continue the study.
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2003
“Dopamine Release in Response to Monetary Reward Measured with Positron Emission Tomography”
Principal Investigator: Alain Dagher, MD, McGill University
Awarded $156,634 in 2003
Aim: Examine whether reduced dopamine levels is a marker for vulnerability to gambling addiction. The hypothesis is that compared to controls, pathological gamblers will show elevated dopamine release correlates with novelty-seeking personality type, cortisol levels and autonomic and mood measures.
“Functional MRI of Decision-Making in Substance Abuse and Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Jody Tanabe, MD, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
Awarded $172,500 in 2003
Aim: Test hypothesis that defects in ventral medial frontal processing lead to impaired decisions that involve risk.
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“Rules, Rewards, and Decisions in the Orbital Prefrontal Cortex”
Principal Investigator: Charan Ranganath, Ph.D., University of California-Davis
Awarded $170,291 in 2003
Aim: Test hypothesis that low extraversion scores and reduced dopamine levels predispose some to develop a gambling problem.
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2001
“A Cross-Sectional Study of the Impact of Gambling on Patients with Schizophrenia"
Principal Investigator: Rani Desai, Ph.D., Yale School of Medicine
Awarded $172,477 in 2001
Aim: Assess the prevalence and types of gambling and related behaviors and problems in patients with schizophrenia and the influence of a co-occurring diagnosis with a substance use disorder on gambling behaviors.
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“Gambling Among Elderly Individuals: Prevalence and Risk Factors”
Principal Investigator: Edward Federman, Ph.D., Boston University
Awarded $160,639 in 2001
Aim: investigate whether mild cognitive impairment or limited social support increases the probability that individuals who attend senior centers will participate in gambling trips and, within that group, whether those factors increase the probability of developing gambling problems.
“A Population-Based Twin Study of Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Kenneth Kendler, Ph.D., Virginia Commonwealth University
Awarded $172,500 in 2001
Aim: Assess gambling problems in a registry of 7,500 adult male and female twins in order to elucidate the heritability of pathological gambling, clarifying its relationship with milder forms of problem gambling, and determining the genetic and environmental relationship between pathological gambling and major psychiatric disorders and personality traits.
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“Reliability and Validity of an Integrated Gambling Assessment and Treatment Outcome Monitoring System (GAMTOMS)”
Principal Investigator: Randy Stinchfield, Ph.D., University of Minnesota Medical School
Awarded $172,294 in 2001
Aim: Develop and test first instrument for measuring treatment outcomes for problem gambling..
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“Institute for Research on Pathological Gambling and Related Disorders”
Principal Investigator: Howard J. Shaffer, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School and Cambridge Health Alliance
Awarded $1.14 million a year from 2001 - 2009
The NCRG delegated the research and education functions of the NCRG to the Division on Addiction, Harvard Medical School (HMS) and Cambridge Health Alliance, a teaching hospital of HMS, from 2001 to 2009. This grant supported the intramural research conducted by the Division on Addiction faculty and also the extramural research grants program that sponsored the research projects listed in this section from 2001 through 2008.
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2000
“A Family-Genetic Study of Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Donald W. Black, MD, University of Iowa
Awarded $169,929 in 2000
Aim: Understand the role that family history of gambling disorder plays in the development of pathological gambling. The investigator received a major grant from the National Institutes of Health in 2005 to continue the research.
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“Naltrexone and Citalopram Treatment of Pathological Gambling and Co-Morbid Alcohol Abuse or Dependence”
Principal Investigator: Marc N. Potenza, MD, Ph.D., Yale School of Medicine
Awarded $172,500 in 2000
Aim: Test the short-term tolerability and efficacy of the antidepressant citalopram, naltrexone (a drug used to blunt cravings for alcohol) and a citalopram/naltrexone combination pharmacotherapy in the treatment of dually diagnosed patients with pathological gambling and alcohol abuse or dependence.
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“Pharmacological Priming of Gambling-Related Cognitions by Amphetamine”
Principal Investigator: Martin Zack, Ph.D., Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Awarded $75,042 in 2000
Aim: Explore the role played by neurochemical activation in the development of gambling addiction.
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1999
“Adolescent Gambling Behavior as a Function of Individual Differences in Risk-Taking and Potentially Life-Diminishing Behaviors, Gender, Peer and Family Context, and Community Norms For Legalized Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Jennifer Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Ph.D., University of South Alabama
Awarded $125,800 in 1999
Aim: Understand the role of demographic, individual, family, and peer variables in the development of gambling problems among adolescents.
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“Adolescent Understanding of the Emotional and Cognitive Aspects of Gambling: The Development of A Prevention Strategy”
Principal Investigator: Nigel E. Turner, Ph.D., Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto
Awarded $88,296 in 1999
Aim: Develop and test an interactive prevention package designed to enhance the students’ understanding of the role of randomness, probability and emotion in non-problem gambling. The findings were published in the Journal of Gambling Studies.
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“Affective, Cognitive and Perceptual Processes in Gambling: Differences between Pathological and Recreational Gamblers”
Principal Investigator: Lawrence E. Jones, Ph.D., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Awarded $172,155 in 1999
Aim: Identify and describe several distinct "types" of gambling styles and strategies, including ones that will distinguish between subtypes of pathological gamblers.
“The Development of a Diagnostic Gambling Assessment – The GAM-IV”
Principal Investigator: Renee Cunningham-Williams, Ph.D., Washington University, St. Louis
Awarded $112,021 in 1999
Aim: Develop and test a new assessment instrument for gambling disorder. The grant provided seed money that helped the lead investigator secure funding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute of Mental Health.
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“Functional MRI of Neural Responses to Monetary Gains, Losses and Prospects in Pathological Gamblers and Normal Subjects”
Principal Investigator: Hans Breiter, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital
Awarded $172,500 in 1999
Aim: Understand brain activation produced by a monetary reward in a gambling-like experiment. As a result of this grant support, the lead investigator received support from National Institutes of Health and the Office of National Drug Control Policy.
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“Reward Deficiency ERPS: Effects of D2a1, Gambling Pathology and ADHD”
Principal Investigator: Charles A. Warren, Ph.D., University of Illinois at Chicago
Awarded $172,492 in 1999
Aim: Investigate whether certain event-related brain potential (ERP) abnormalities in response to gambling feedback might reflect a reward deficiency syndrome, whose severity theoretically is driven partly by presence of the dopamine D2 receptor gene, A1 variant (D2A1).
1998
“Double-Blind Study of Naltrexone and Placebo in the Treatment of Pathological Gambling Disorder”
Principal Investigator: Suck Won Kim, MD, University of Minnesota Medical School
Awarded $53,374 in 1998
Aim: Test efficacy of naltrexone, a drug used to blunt cravings for alcohol, for treating pathological gambling. In 2002, the lead investigator was awarded $464,463 by the National Institute of Mental Health to expand this study.
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“The Harvard Project on Gambling and Health”
Principal Investigator: Howard J. Shaffer, Ph.D., C.A.S., Harvard Medical School
Awarded $465,069 in 1998
Aim: Investigate several streams of research on gambling and gambling disorders: 1) prevalence and measuring prevalence; (2) a public health framework for gambling; 3) a three-year study of the health risks of casino employees; (4) how gambling and other behavioral addictions are changing the notion of addiction; and (5) trends in gambling research and publications.
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1997
“Cognitive Biases in Problem Gambling”
Principal Investigator: Nigel E. Turner, Ph.D., Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto
Awarded $33,748 in 1997
Aim: Understand how erroneous thoughts about the odds of winning contribute to the development of a gambling disorder.
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“Cognitive Treatment of Pathological Gambling Among Adults and Adolescents”
Principal Investigator: Robert Ladouceur, Ph.D., Universitié Laval
Awarded $140,499 in 1997
Aim: Test the efficacy of cognitive therapy—correcting the gambler’s erroneous assumptions about probability and statistics—as a treatment for pathological gamblers.
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“Critical Dimensions of Relapse in Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: David C. Hodgins, Ph.D., University of Calgary
Awarded $106,638 in 1997
Aim: Understand factors leading to a high relapse rate among a sample of disordered gamblers who had recently quit gambling.
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“The Molecular Genetics of Pathological Gambling”
Principal Investigator: David E. Comings, MD, The City of Hope National Medical Center
Awarded $159,900 in 1997
Aim: Investigate association between pathological gambling and multiple dopamine receptor genes thus lending support for the idea that people with gambling disorders have a deficient reward center that predisposes them to developing a gambling disorder.
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“Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors Associated with Problem Gambling by Youth”
Principal Investigator: Randy Stinchfield, Ph.D., Minnesota Institute on Public Health
Awarded $57,339 in 1997
Aim: Investigate the rate of gambling and gambling problems among Minnesota public school students.
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“Relation of Cognitive Status to Brain Blood Flow and Dopamine Receptors in Pathological Gamblers”
Principal Investigator: Peter F. Goyer, MD, VA Medical Center-Cleveland
Awarded $138,000 in 1997
Aim: Test hypotheses that disordered gamblers, compared to controls, will perform more poorly on tests of attention and executive function, will have significantly reduced rCBF in frontal cortex and reduced dopamine D2 receptor function, and will be more likely to be carriers of the D2A1 allele for the dopamine D2 receptor gene.
“Youth Gambling: Transition from Adolescence to Young Adulthood”
Principal Investigator: Ken C. Winters, Ph.D., University of Minnesota
Awarded $56,410 in 1997
Aim: Investigate youth gamblers over an eight-year period.
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1996
“Estimating the Prevalence of Disordered Gambling Behavior in the United States and Canada: A Meta-Analysis”
Principal Investigator: Howard J. Shaffer, Ph.D., C.A.S., Harvard Medical School
Awarded $140,000 in 1996
Aim: Conduct a meta-analytic strategy to synthesize estimates of gambling disorder from 119 prevalence studies to determine a national rate of gambling disorder in the adult general population and subpopulations in the US and Canada. The findings were praised by the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council Committee on the Social and Economic Impact of Pathological Gambling as the most reliable estimates to date (Pathological Gambling: A Critical Review, 1999).
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